Wednesday, December 30
Bertrand Russell's Atheism Part One
To begin, combats the idea that theists, most notably Thomas Aquinas, firmly grasp as a logical construction that is valid based on sense experience. That is, as Russell explains, "everything that we see in this world has a cause, and as you go back in the chain of causes further and further you must come to a First Cause, and to that First Cause, you give the name God." This is a weak argument that lacks credence because it naturally begs the question, "Who caused God?" If everything has a cause, God must have a cause as well, says Russell.
But this is an insufficient way of looking at the theistic viewpoint. Frederick Copleston posed the first cause argument in more explainable terms to Lord Russell in a debate hosted by the BBC on January 28, 1948. In this debate, Russell reasserted his viewpoint that he does not find it necessary that the universe had a cause, and if there was a ground, Russell would listen to it. Copelston replied, "The series of events is either caused or its not caused. If it is caused there must obviously be a cause outside the series. If it's not caused, then it's sufficient to itself. And if it's sufficient to itself, then it is what I call, necessary. But it can't be necessary, since each member is contingent, and we've agreed that the total is no reality apart from the members. Therefore, it can't be necessary...the statement, 'the world is simply there and is inexplicable' can't beget out of logical analysis."
Ironically, Copleston seems to be more analytic than the founder of analytic philosophy.
[1]Bertrand Russell., Why I Am Not a Christian, and Other Essays on Religion and Related Subjects (Simon and Schuster, Inc.: New York, NY), 6.
[1] Frederick C. Copelston, Bertrand Russell, Frederick C. Copelston vs. Bertrand Russel. BBC Third Programme Recording (1948), part 2 [on-line]; accessed 18 November 2009; available from http://video.google.com/videosearch?sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4SUNA_enUS219US220&q=bertrand%20russell%20atheism%20debate&um=1&ie=UTF8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wv#sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4SUNA_enUS219US220&q=bertrand+russell+atheism+debate&um=1&ie=UTF8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wv&qvid=bertrand+russell+atheism+debate&vid=-570402838020470563
Christmas and New Years Hope and Promise
Jesus shall reign where'er the sun
We are not discouraged by the length of His delays; we are not disheartened by the long period which He allots to the church in which to struggle with little success and much defeat. We believe that God will never suffer this world, which has once seen Christ's blood shed upon it, to be always the devil's stronghold. Christ came hither to deliver this world from the detested sway of the powers of darkness. What a shout shall that be when men and angels shall unite to cry, 'Hallelujah, hallelujah, for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth'! What a satisfaction will it be in that day to have had a share in the fight, to have helped to break the arrows of the bow, and to have aided in winning the victory for our Lord! Happy are they who trust themselves with this conquering Lord, and who fight side by side with Him, doing their little in His name and by His strength! How unhappy are those on the side of evil! It is a losing side, and it is a matter wherein to lose is to lose and to be lost for ever. On whose side are you?"
Thursday, December 17
Bertrand Russell's Philosophy
Central to his philosophy, throughout the development in his understanding, was the place of the logic behind mathematics. In his works The Principles of Mathematics and Principia Mathematica Russell thought it advantageous to demonstrate that if mathematical postulates rest on logic, certainty can be grasped. If a certain mathematical principle could not be related to or stem from statistics and theorems, certainty could not be proven, which formed the basis of his philosophy. This contradicted his earliest idealist claim that reality is inseparable from and dependent upon the mind and that all reality is mental and One, and embraced a more moderate approach. Adopting realism, Russell stated that objects of experience are independent of experience of them and depend upon the logical proposition and knowledge a priori. Deviating from this view, Russell ultimately geared away from the validity of a priori knowledge, stating that the material world is all that exists. As one comes to knowledge a posteriori (or from experience and perception), one can make inferences based on logic to causes and effects. In other words, true inferences can be made from sense perception if indeed the experiences can be validated through logical meaning. Otherwise, one would be hard pressed to make a truth claim.
At the same time, truth claims for Russell had limits. He saw that at its best, the scientific examination of things break reality down to components and parts that can be grasped, but nevertheless, our experience can fail us. Thus, valid truth propositions in the ultimate sense are derived from the perceptions and experience of the individual based on logical constructions of scientific observational and experiential data but is still probabilistic and not certain.
[1]A.C. Grayling., Russell (Oxford University Press: New York, NY), 60-61.
Sunday, December 13
Star of Bethlehem
http://www.bethlehemstar.net
What this study provides is a fascinating portrayal of the beauty of God's handiwork in placing the planetary and celestial bodies in exact conjunction at the precise time surrounding the birth of Christ to guide men to worship the King. Not only is this a great apologetics topic, with many wondering how such a star as described in the Bible could really be true, it is a comforting thought to realize that God is in control of every molecule whether big or small. Jehovah is the One who created, sustains, and redeems mankind. And He is One who is now directing our history, human history, for His purposes. For us Christians, it is a purpose that is for our good in the end, which is comforting to realize with a God who is so powerful. That power is for our good, and not for our eternal destruction if we Kiss the Son lest He be angry. So...trust Him. Trust Christ and treasure Him as One who came from heaven to live, suffer, and die to pay the penalty for sinners. Rest and bank on the merits of Christ and not your own so that you do not meet a God who pours His wrath out on you because of sin, but instead meet a God who is like a good Father, giving you the inheritance of nations because He is King and His justice has been satisfied.
Friday, December 11
Bertrand Russell's Life Part Two
Being opposed to the First World War and the Vietnam and Korean War, but in favor of the Second World War, Russell was a pacifist in theory, but under extreme cases saw war as necessary, especially with the tyrant Hitler. He was also against nuclear proliferation, being the first president of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). Ironically, Russell thought that the United States was just as much, if not more to blame than the Soviet Union in bringing about panic and destruction, despite the fact that the conflicts in Vietnam and Korea and the Cuban Missile Crisis all found their roots in the U.S.S.R. In his mind, the combative and destructive forces of the United States Army would have avoided much bloodshed and chaos by being diplomatic, as neither side was in favor of complete obliteration of the other.
As he continued to speak to large audiences, write articles and essays on current events and philosophy, and even arrange meetings with foreign leaders to discuss policies, Russell’s health eventually deteriorated to the point that he became confined to his home in Wales, writing on his life the year before his death. His final major work, The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell became a three volume set, which was finished in 1969. Russell passed away on February 2, 1970 at the age of ninety-eight.
Thursday, December 10
Bertrand Russell's Life Part One
Russell was born on May 18, 1872 in Wales to an outspoken political activist family. His parents worked in the suffrage cause and sought to make family planning prevalent within society by becoming involved in the political process. His grandparents, particularly his grandfather, Lord John Russell maintained this passion as he was one of the chief contributors to the democratization of Parliament by writing the Reform Bill of 1832. Because his mother, father, and sister all died when he was not yet four years old, these grandparents would be the ones to raise him with the help of tutors. At an early age, Russell studied nature and geometry, developing a passion for mathematics.
This passion for mathematics would be flourishing later in his life as he entered college and wrote some of his first works. In 1890, the student enrolled at Cambridge to study math and then later studied philosophy under Sidgwich, Ward, and Stout. It was in his early college days that he admired idealism, a view which he later disbanded. An author of seventy-one books and booklets, Russell’s first one was concerning politics, German Social Democracy, which he held as an important endeavor all throughout his life. Later he wrote An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry and A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz. Still holding to the importance of mathematics, Russell wanted to write on the question as to whether math can have a logical foundation of which men can be certain, so he took to this task in The Principles of Mathematics. The second part of this book he wrote with his friend Whitehead and penned Principia Mathematica.
From college, Russell went on to teach philosophy, first at UCLA and then as a visiting professor at the University of Chicago. Later, Russell taught at the City College of New York but was ousted for his “irreligious and immoral” views, especially on sexuality. The bold and outspoken atheist maintained that young boys should be educated in the realm of sexuality and also advocated for open marriages, with both partners seeking the expressions of their desires outside of the marital relationship. It was for this type of position in written form that the philosopher received a Noble Prize for Literature in his book Marriage and Morals in 1948. And it was on the basis of this type of position that he rationalized the four marriages that he took part in, three of which were open. In this manner, his ethical system in theory was certainly consistent with his ethical system in practice.
Bertrand Russell and His Vain Foundations
In so doing, Russell deemed it best to demonstrate where true love, knowledge, and happiness are to be found and thus devoted his whole life to discovery and sharing of the basis of these realities. As we will see eventually, though, his foundation for such truths clouded these characteristics of being and action, and in fact made them devoid of true meaning and effectiveness.
Weekly, I will present portions of my college paper on Russell while not neglecting the posting of other important matters. Hopefully, this small study in philosophy, and in atheism in particular, will benefit our apologetic understanding of the Scriptures and the Christian faith, while being enriched in the glories of God as revealed through his Son and his atoning work for all who trust in Him. We will examine brief synopsises of his life, philosophy, and atheism before drawing from these things in order to enjoy redemption all that much more.
Tuesday, December 8
Altogether Lovely
"Where are you this morning, you who are convinced of sin and want a Saviour, where have you crept to? Are you hidden where my eyes cannot reach you? At any rate, let this sweet thought reach you. You need not be afraid to come to Jesus, for "he is altogether lovely." It does not say he is alothether terrible--that is your misconception of him; it does not say he is somewhat lovely, and sometimes willing to receive a certain sort of a sinner; but "he is altogether lovely," and therefore he is always ready to welcome to himself the vilest of the vile. Think of his name. It is Jesus, the Saviour. Is not that lovely? Think of his work. He is come to seek and to save that which was lost. This is his occupation. Is not that lovely? Think of what he has done. He hath redeemed our souls with blood. Is not that lovely? Think of what he is doing. He is pleading before the throne of God for sinners. Think of what he is giving at this moment--he is exalted on high to give repentance and remission of sins. Is not this lovely? Under every aspect Chrsit Jesus is attrative to sinners who need him. Come, then, come and welcome, there is nothing to keep you away, there is every thing to bid you come. May this very Sabbath day in which I have preached Christ, and lifted him up, be the day in which you shall be drawn to him, never again to leave him, but to be his forever and forever. Amen."
Spurgeon knew the gospel full well, and he embraced it not just as an intellectually true supposition, but as a reality to be embraced and treasured. That Jesus Christ came into the world to live a sinless life and die on the cross for sinners, was to him, precious. Christ did this so that the men and women who would trust in Him would be forgiven of their trespasses and failings to obey the law of God. For we were created to love God and His perfection and glorify Him, but oh, how we have failed! Nevertheless, there is a way of escape from the wrath of the One who dispises trespasses and that is through the lovely Christ! How great a salvation is this that is revealed to us during Christmastime and always, that Jesus came to save sinners!
"For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God" (2 Corinthians 5:21).
Friday, December 4
Fleeing from Sin; Looking to Christ
"The prudent sees danger and hides himself, but the simple go on and suffer for it."
As an aspiring pastor, I am discouraged by the news of infidelity and immoral living on the part of ministers of the gospel, and evangelical ministers at that. The shame that is brought to the name of Christ and the disservice such actions that are made public cause me to pause. I often wonder if I am ready for such an endeavor as I feel weaker than many of these strong men. But it causes me to be thankful that greater is the one who is in me than the one who is in the world. It causes me to consider more effective ways to hide myself from sin and flee from wickedness. And it causes me to desire a greater love for the gospel so that I would value eternal things much more than the temporary pleasures of this world, and so defeat the flesh (Hebrews 11:24-28).
Certainly there is comfort in knowing that God will forgive sins and keep all of of the believing ones who have truly come to the Son until the end (John 6:40). There are those who are not truly saved who falter and never repent, but God keeps his own. However, those who we look up to the most, those who we think will never fall, so often let their guard down and have moments of weakness. David, a man after God's own heart did, and certainly suffered the consequences.
Of course then, I cannot think that I am strong in and of myself. I cannot at any point take off my armor and rest from the battle. My attitude should be one like Paul's: "Therefore let anyone who think that he stands take heed lest he fall" (1 Corinthians 10:12).
As the very next verse indicates, I need not despair when I see sin in my own life and in godly men. "No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it" (1 Corinthians 10:13).
The sin in other's lives points to my own need for the gospel. I can bring to the table nothing when it comes to salvation. No good work or offering is sufficient to save me (Ephesians 2:8-9). Christ saves me through faith alone (Titus 3:5-7) and Christ alone keeps me (Romans 5:1). Only by the merits of Christ's atoning work on the cross can I have any hope in battling sin (Romans 6:12-14). And only by looking to him as my reward through faith, as Moses and Joseph demonstrated, can I be freed from sin and death finally (Hebrews 11:24-28). This reality frees me to consider sin as satisfying, but as dung compared to the gold of Christ and his presence.
O for a heart to find the gospel afresh time and time again and so persevere to the end (Hebrews 12:1-2).
Tuesday, June 2
Forgetfulness and the Human Heart
"And Jesus, aware of this, said to them, 'Why are you discussing the fact that you have no bread? Do you not yet perceive or understand? Are your hearts heardened? Having eyes do you not see, and having ears do you not hear? And do you not remember?"
In reading this passage this morning I was greatly convicted. While considering the situation of the disciples I stand as a guilty man rather than a critic. In so many cases, I myself have been one to easily forget what God has done and instead look at my immediate circumstances and put my trust in something other than God. Such a mentality and heart condition is sinful and is at its root prideful, and therefore is a detriment to my own life.
The disciples had just come from an area in which Jesus compassionately and graciously multiplied a few loaves of bread to an amount that could feed four thousand men. Just a short time before that, he fed five thousand men (not including women and children), and showed His power over nature itself by calming the storm. This man clearly was the Son of God, and the discpiles knew this to be the case. But then, in a complete 180 degree turn, they while not bringing bread to meet their hunger, grow weary and start to worry. Jesus, seeing this, states, "Are your hearts heardened? Having eyes, do you not see, and having ears do you not hear? Do you not remember?"
Jesus states the disciples condition quite plainly in this passage: both the disciples minds and hearts are aversely affected by the deceitfulness of sin. They have forgotten what God has done in feeding the five thousand and four thousand just a short time ago, and thus have failed to keep in the back of their minds the past grace of God. At the same time, they refused to look and trust in the One that was right next to them, who they rightly believed to be the Messiah, and see the present state of grace that was given. And finally, and closely related to it, their lack of trust in God's provision was a stiff-arm of who Jesus was and what He would continue to do. They pridefully looked to their circumstances and themselves then as being key to their survival, rather than to God. And according to Jesus, this was not just a memory lapse, but a condition of the heardening of their hearts.
One thing is certain: these two realities are closely related. Having one's mind set on the past graces of God is a primary way that one can set their heart in a direction of trust in God. But this is not enough. One could easily look at an historical reality and see the good and merciful things that Jesus has done and not have it mean anything for the individual in question. One must also see and taste who Jesus is (Mk. 8:29) (and who Jesus is for us) and what He promises to do for us and ultimately for His name sake in order to trust completely in Him. Only then will economic situations and emotional situations be light in comparison to the burden that has been lifted from our shoulders.
So trust Him. Jesus is not just a political and social figurehead for good in this world. Jesus is God. He can make a few loaves and fish multiply to feed thousands, so trust Him. Trust Him because He always keeps His promises. Christ, through his death has secured salvation for all who would find Him trustworthy. For those who treasure Jesus, God made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God (2 Cor. 5:21).
Monday, March 9
Mohler: The Floodgate is Now Open -- President Obama and the Vulnerable Embryo
"President Barack Obama today signed an executive order that reverses the Bush administration's restrictions on federal funding for research that involves the destruction of human embryos. In a White House ceremony, President Obama said that Americans “have come to a consensus that we should pursue this research; that the potential it offers is great, and with proper guidelines and strict oversight the perils can be avoided.”
The President made a campaign promise to take this action, but in the weeks just after his inauguration he had made comments suggesting that he would prefer for Congress to lift the Bush restrictions by legislation. Nevertheless, today's White House ceremony was thoroughly orchestrated and media had advance notice as of last Friday.
The President's new policy means that federal funding will now go to researchers whose work with human embryonic stem cells involves the destruction of additional human embryos. This represents a monumental moral shift. The United States government is now in the business of supporting the destruction of human embryos through federal funding of stem cell research.
President Obama spoke to the moral issues involved when he stated: “Many thoughtful and decent people are conflicted about, or strongly oppose, this research. I understand their concerns, and we must respect their point of view.”
But the President clearly does not share these concerns, and it is unclear what he means by respecting the point of view of those who rightly understand the issue as tax-supported homicide.
The President also appeared to suggest that Congress should lift other restrictions, though he did not directly call for a repeal of the Dickey-Wicker amendment, which prohibits some forms of research funded by the federal government.
President Obama is now personally responsible for research that will involve the intentional destruction of human embryos. This comes even as the ideological roots of this conflict have become increasingly clear. Credible alternatives to research that would require the destruction of human embryos have become available, even as the most promising avenues of medical research are now using adult stem cells, which avoids the moral issues involved in the use of human embryos.
The scientific community increasingly appears to have drawn a line in the sand on this issue. The insistence that embryos must be destroyed is a matter of ideology. Some researchers seem to resist any alternative source of stem cells, no matter how great its potential.
President Obama pledged to support research "with proper guidelines and strict oversight," but his own policy removes the guidelines that protected the embryo. The President said he would hold the line by opposing human reproductive cloning, but this is a line he will find difficult to hold or to defend.
And when President Obama spoke of "strict oversight," he offered no assurance of what this might mean. Even more troubling, with his announcement of reversing the Bush policy the President also issued an official White House statement indicating that he would shield scientific policy from political considerations.
One of his most influential scientific advisors, Harold Varmus, told The Washington Post, "This is consistent with the president's determination to use sound scientific practice, responsible practice of science and evidence, instead of dogma in developing federal policy."
The "instead of dogma" language is a direct criticism of the Bush administration policies. President Obama delivered a rebuke to the Bush administration in this new statement of policy, but the new President is either disingenuous or deceptive when he suggests that science can ever be free from political considerations. Science does not happen in a vacuum. Scientific research takes place in a social and political context, and when the federal government is involved through funding of that research, such research is intensely political. The space race was fueled by the ideological context of the Cold War. Decisions about research priorities and policies is hotly political. So is President Obama's new policy that will lead to the destruction of more human embryos.
Those wondering when President Obama would make a clear move on a matter that involves the sanctity of human life now have their answer -- and its consequences. When President Obama says he will "respect" the point of view that such research is immoral, his respect is hard to detect.
When human embryos are destroyed in the name of medical advancement, we make a deal with the Culture of Death and sacrifice embryonic human beings for the hope of medical advances. We all hope and pray for those advances, and for treatments to cure or treat intractable diseases. But there are valid alternatives to the use of human embryos.
The vulnerable human embryo is now at greater risk than ever before. And this, inevitably, means that every single human life is devalued by this decision."
(Read more great commentary at http://www.albertmohler.com/)
Friday, February 13
Spurgeon Devotion
"There is therefore now no condemnation." (Romans 8:1)
Come, my soul, think thou of this. Believing in Jesus, thou art actually and effectually cleared from guilt; thou art led out of thy prison. Thou art no more in fetters as a bond-slave; thou art delivered now from the bondage of the law; thou art freed from sin, and canst walk at large as a freeman, thy Saviour's blood has procured thy full discharge. Thou hast a right now to approach thy Father's throne. No flames of vengeance are there to scare thee now; no fiery sword; justice cannot smite the innocent. Thy disabilities are taken away: thou wast once unable to see thy Father's face: thou canst see it now. Thou couldst not speak with Him: but now thou hast access with boldness. Once there was a fear of hell upon thee; but thou hast no fear of it now, for how can there be punishment for the guiltless? He who believeth is not condemned, and cannot be punished. And more than all, the privileges thou mightst have enjoyed, if thou hadst never sinned, are thine now thou art justified. All the blessings which thou wouldst have had if thou hadst kept the law, and more, are thine, because Christ has kept it for thee. All the love and the acceptance which perfect obedience could have obtained of God, belong to thee, because Christ was perfectly obedient on thy behalf, and hath imputed all His merits to thy account, that thou mightst be exceeding rich through Him, who for thy sake became exceeding poor. Oh! how great the debt of love and gratitude thou owest to thy Saviour!
"A debtor to mercy alone,
Of covenant mercy I sing;
Nor fear with Thy righteousness on,
My person and offerings to bring:
The terrors of law and of God,
With me can have nothing to do;
My Saviour's obedience and blood
Hide all my transgressions from view."
Thursday, February 12
The Healing Power of Laughter
"Why are you cast down, O my soul, and why are you in turmoil within me? Hope in God; for I shall again praise him, my salvation." (Psalm 42:5)
Just the other day I watched a sermon on the Trinity Broadcasting Network by Joel Osteen, entitled, "The Healing Power of Laughter." Upon first glance I thought that this was going to be quite the interesting sermon, and was I ever right.
Granted the overall message was decent: God wants you to be happy. God is displeased when you are depressed because it is not becoming to you as a human. Relationships are not helped either when you are not happy. But that is as far as the sermon went. He did not talk about God wanting us to be happy in HIM. The discussion was not about how God is displeased when we are depressed because it necessarily entails a lack of a hope in God. Nowhere did the pastor say that your attitudinal relationship to your wife is important insofar as it displays in physical form Christ's relationship to the church.
When speaking to a crowd of tens of thousands, Mr. Osteen limited his remedy of sadness and depression to the symptom of a lack of laughter, rather than to the deep issue of a lack of joy that comes from seeing and savoring one who died to set us free from sin and death (Phil. 4:4). His sermon was laden with story after story of how if we just learn to laugh and gain more of a sense of humor, the seriousness of life is largely swept away. This is a true ideal, but it is not a Christian ideal. It is a remedy, but it is not a long lasting remedy in the midst of tribulation and persecution. What is needed most is not more laughter, but more joy in Jesus (Ps. 37:4). This is when we will understand our suffering to be light and momentary afflictions (2 Cor. 4:17) that do not compare to the glory that will be ours in heaven (Ps. 16:11). This is when we can confront the pressures of life by going to the rock that is higher than ourselves (Ps. 61:2). And this is when the world will notice a difference in our lives and will question the hope that is within us (1 Pet. 3:15).
It is bad enough that the Bible was used very little, if at all in the sermon. What was most disheartening was that the true remedy for depression and the true Source of joy and happiness was skimmed over. May our practical life not be limited to such frothful secular ideals, but may we rejoice in joy unspeakable, that is, the Christian joy of the gospel (2 Cor. 4:6).
Saturday, February 7
What is the Recession For?
Pastor and author John Piper recently preached concerning the economic recession (among other things) and gave five reasons why God has allowed this recession to take place. Here is a small summary of the reasons he gives:
1. He intends for this recession to expose hidden sin and so bring us to repentance and cleansing. 2. He intends to wake us up to the constant and desperate condition of the developing world where there is always and only recession of the worst kind.
3. He intends to relocate the roots of our joy in his grace rather than in our goods, in his mercy rather than our money, in his worth rather than our wealth.
4. He intends to advance his saving mission in the world—the spread of the gospel and the growth of his church—precisely at a time when human resources are least able to support it. This is how he guards his glory.
5. He intends for the church to care for its hurting members and to grow in the gift of love.
You can listen or read the sermon in its entirety by clicking on the link below.
(http://www.desiringgod.org/ResourceLibrary/Sermons/ByDate/2009/3566_What_Is_the_Recession_For/)
Thursday, February 5
Moses is Not the Hero When the Red Sea Parts
"Thus the Lord saved Israel that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. Israel saw the great power that the Lord used against the Egyptians, so the people feared the Lord, and they believed in the Lord and in his servant Moses." (Exodus 14:30-31)
The mistake is often made when reading the story of the ten plagues and the exodus that Moses is the hero. At least this is what is often communicated in our children's Sunday School classes. "Moses," we hear, "did something that we are often afraid to do: Moses stood up to evil. Moses stood up against the evil Pharaoh and brought Israel out of Egypt. Moses stretched out his hand and staff and parted the Red Sea so that all of God's people could get through. Wow, isn't that amazing?"
It is quite an oversight to say that Moses parted the Red Sea. Actually, God parted the Red Sea. God brought the ten plagues upon Egypt to display his power among them and to show them that he alone is Lord and worthy of worship.
We see this from the very beginning of the story when Moses is first called to go back to Egypt when God says that he will harden the leader's heart so that he will not let the people go (Exodus 4:21). By doing so, God is revealing that he has a plan to display his power among the Egyptians and the people of Israel. And in fact, this is confirmed later during the seventh plague of hail as Moses is before Pharaoh. "But for this purpose I have raised you up, to show you my power, so that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth" (Exodus 9:16).
And after all of the plagues are completed God desires to say in even more direct terms the entire reason for the drama: "And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they shall go in after them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, his chariots and his horsemen. And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord when I have gotten glory over Pharaoh..." (Exodus 14:17-18).
Growing up, this message was not the primary message that was taught to me when I was learning the story. The message that was taught to me was one of facts: this plague happened, and then that one, and then that one. And the main character was Moses. But, as one can see, the main character according to the narration given is God.
God is the one to whom the Israelites fear and believe in when it is all said and done, and this is the reason why this and all of the other accounts of the biblical authors is given. That is, to demonstrate who God is, how powerful he is, and how we as sinful humans can enjoy him forever. This same God who displayed his power among the Egyptians will one day call all men to account for their deeds based on his standard of holiness.
We, just like the Egyptians in Moses' day, are not holy. We are far from it. None of us is righteous according to Romans 3 and no one pleases him. So there lies problem because as Hebrews 12:14 tells us, without holiness no one will see the Lord. But Christ is holy, Jesus is perfect and died and rose again according to the Scriptures so in him we might have hope (Romans 6:23). Thankfully, God is merciful as well as just and has given his Son to be the propitiation for our sins so that if we trust in him we will have eternal life. Now that is a glorious plan for which God alone receives the honor and praise!
Saturday, January 31
Spurgeon Devotion
"In whom also we have obtained an inheritance" (Ephesians 1:11)
When Jesus gave himself for us, he gave us all the rights and privileges which went with himself; so that now, although as eternal God, he has essential rights to which no creature may venture to pretend, yet as Jesus, the Mediator, the federal head of the covenant of grace, he has no heritage apart from us. All the glorious consequences of his obedience unto death are the joint riches of all who are in him, and on whose behalf he accomplished the divine will. See, he enters into glory, but not for himself alone, for it is written, "Whither the Forerunner is for us entered." Heb. 6:20. Does he stand in the presence of God?-"He appears in the presence of God for us." Heb. 9:24. Consider this, believer. You have no right to heaven in yourself: your right lies in Christ. If you are pardoned, it is through his blood; if you are justified, it is through his righteousness; if you are sanctified, it is because he is made of God unto you sanctification; if you shall be kept from falling, it will be because you are preserved in Christ Jesus; and if you are perfected at the last, it will be because you are complete in him. Thus Jesus is magnified-for all is in him and by him; thus the inheritance is made certain to us-for it is obtained in him; thus each blessing is the sweeter, and even heaven itself the brighter, because it is Jesus our Beloved "in whom" we have obtained all. Where is the man who shall estimate our divine portion? Weigh the riches of Christ in scales, and his treasure in balances, and then think to count the treasures which belong to the saints. Reach the bottom of Christ's sea of joy, and then hope to understand the bliss which God hath prepared for them that love him. Overleap the boundaries of Christ's possessions, and then dream of a limit to the fair inheritance of the elect. "All things are yours, for ye are Christ's and Christ is God's."
(Morning and Evening by C. H. Spurgeon--January 30)
Tuesday, January 27
Methods of Interpretation From the NT Writers

This might be helpful for those of you who are trying to learn how to interpret various texts faithfully. It is taken from McCartney and Clayton's Let the Reader Understand: A Guide to Interpretting and Applying the Bible.
1. Generally, the NT cites from the Septuagint, but not exclusively. Thus, we have warrant for using translations.
2. Often introductory formulas are used, such as "it is written" or "the Holy Spirit says," indicating that (OT) Scripture confirms NT revelation, and that the OT is therefore prophetic in character. Thus, the NT indicates a high regard for Scripture as God's speech.
3. The NT treats OT events as genuine history, constitutive for the present state of affairs. Thus, the NT warrants a grammatical-historical method.
4. History is understood as being under divine control; it is going somewhere. God accomplishes salvation in history. Thus, we look for a redemptive-historical meaning.
5. OT history is understood as indicating where it was going. Thus, the OT should be understood typologically and eschatologically.
6. As in the OT, man is regarded both individually and corporately (the body of Christ) in the NT. Thus, we apply a covenantal understanding.
7. Christ fulfills the role and character of the corporate entities, mankind (Adam) and Israel (see Heb. 2:8; Rom. 5; 1 Cor. 15:27), and thus those who are united to him become the true Israel (Gal. 6:16; Phil. 3:3) and the perfect man (Eph. 4:13; Col. 1:28). Thus, Scripture is interpreted Christocentrically and ecclesiologically.
8. Scripture is regarded as a mystery that is now revealed (Mark 4:11; Eph. 3:3), an "uncovered secret." Thus, we use an expositional method. (pp.68-69)
Sunday, January 25
Fearfully Made; Aborted Haphazardly
"For you formed my inward parts; you knitted me together in my mother’s womb. I praise you, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Wonderful are your works; my soul knows it very well. My frame was not hidden from you,when I was being made in secret, intricately woven in the depths of the earth. Your eyes saw my unformed substance; in your book were written, every one of them, the days that were formed for me, when as yet there was none of them." (Pslam 139:13-16)
God has created every man, woman, and child in a unique and marvelous way. He has knit us together in our mother's wombs. He has formed our eyes and our mouths and our ears with much more complexity than the computer upon which I am writing. He has done it, and to kill such a life is an infringement on his creation of man made in his image. Clearly from Psalm 139, the identity of the life inside of a woman is clear: human, and worthy of protection. And yet today, such life is not protected by the federal government's judicial system, nor encouraged to be protected by the executive branch.
It was proven on Friday that we once again have a president who desires to make abortion more accessible and more encouraged in a nation (and a world, for that matter) which has killed millions of babies since the practice became legal in 1973. As the Washington Times reports, the action known as the Mexico City policy "that blocks funding to foreign aid groups that perform or promote abortions," was once again rescinded by President Obama. The Times quoted Mr. Obama's defense of the action:
Mr. Obama said the policy had "undermined efforts to promote safe and effective voluntary family planning in developing countries," and vowed to find common ground with his pro-life adversaries. "For too long, international family planning assistance has been used as a political wedge issue, the subject of a back-and-forth debate that has served only to divide us. I have no desire to continue this stale and fruitless debate," Mr. Obama said. (http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jan/24/obama-change-policy-abortions/)
That is true, the policy that Reagan originally set up does not promote "effective voluntary family planning in developing countries," but that is the type of language that masks what these groups who perform or promote abortions actually do in a grotesque manner. These groups in a very casual, but yet gruesome way, kill innocent human life. Now if I used that language, the action that Obama reversed would not sound quite as pleasant to the ear. But to use the word "family planning" is like saying firing a gun at someone is simply "a means to release an unpleasant feeling of anger or unwantedness." Or like calling slavery, "the safe and effective means to expand the GDP of the South." In each case the language is deceptive. It is deceptive in Obama's case, for the policy which was reversed by Obama sets up efforts to call abortion what it is. Now he desires to make, through an executive order, the practice more readily available to countries who at the get-go cannot afford the procedure fully without aid from the U.S. federal government.
Obama argued during the campaign for president that abortions in America did not decrease by a substantial margian during Bush's term in office in answer to almost every question on his stance on abortion. That may be true, but that is probably due to the moral decline of our nation and not the policies that he inacted. But does he honestly believe that abortions will decrease under his presidency when he is for the Freedom of Choice Act, and against the Mexico City policy? Does he believe that when abortions become more easily available and encouraged by the Fed, Americans who are on a mental and emotional rollercoaster will be more reluctant to go to the abortion clinic? One would think Obama would have better philosophy professors at Harvard. We do know that he has great English professors, though.
We can pray for Obama that the education he received, and the background that he came from would not get in the way of plain, simple truths that are deciphered if he would see the inconsistencies in our judicial system regarding abortion and see the moral implications of his actions. May God grant him and our nation to see that every life of man is fearfully and wonderfully made.
Saturday, January 24
Making Light of Race
"Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married, for he had married a Cushite woman. And they said, "Has the LORD indeed spoken only through Moses? Has he not spoken through us also?"...When the cloud removed from over the tent, behold, Miriam was leprous, like snow. And Aaron turned toward Miriam, and behold, she was leprous. (Numbers 12:1-2,10)
One thing that is abundantly clear in the Scriptures is that God has created every race and deems every one important in his eyes. All of the nations, races, and ethnicities on earth are created to worship and manifest the full-orbed nature of the glory of God. They were made to deny every claim of prideful superiority, even superiority due to race, and find joy in a supremely valuable God. Subsequently, every joke or subltle claim to superiority that demeans this reality is sin and racist, and is equally as bad as the more blankly racist hatred that seems obvious today. Indeed, it is a sin which is just as damnable as adultery, murder, and idolatry.
To a large extent, racism is idolatry. After all, racism is as the dictionary says, "a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human races determine cultural or individual achievement, usually involving the idea that one's own race is superior and has the right to rule others." If one believes that they are superior to another, they are setting themselves up for worship and to be served, and not to worship and serve the only One who is worthy. Racist jokes are subtle, but they are nevertheless an affront to the Creator's handiwork and the reason why other races were made. They were made to worship God, not to be belittled.
In the text before us, Miriam and Aaron frowned upon Moses' selection of the Cushite woman because she was of a darker complexion. In addition they displayed their pride by wanting God to work and speak through them for self-serving reasons. What did the Lord do as a result? He smote her with leprosy. It is as if God was saying, "You like people to be white? I'll show you white!" And there it was, Miriam became as white as snow. This is serious business to God because it puffs man up, and does not produce the type of humility that sees God as supremely valuable.
As I have worked in the Southern United States I have become more sensitive to these matters. When working at UPS during a break I happened to follow along in a group conversation that was occuring around the smokeshack. It just so happened that an individual who was African-American walked in on the conversation and one of the people said, "What are you doing? This is a Caucasian meeting." And laughter ensued.
This kind of joking is not just limited to the South, either. Where I am from one is more likely to hear a joke about Somalis or Mexicans. So my point is not to say, "The South is to blame." My point is that even though these jokes are prevalent anywhere you go, we cannot escape the reason why these jokes are said. Why is the joke above, for example, funny to begin with? It is funny because of the irony: "We are all white, and here is this guy who is black who just came in. And because of my prideful nature I am going to point out to the whole group that you are black and we are all white. Therefore, you as an individual should not be given any credance because of your skin color." And yet, we laugh.
What is the reason that the nations were created, at the end of the day? In part, it was for the culmination of redemptive history. Every nation and race was created to worship Christ alone and thereby show that there is no basis in man worthy of worship, including skin color. All are sinners and worthy of only death, BUT Christ has come to make us free. He has come "once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring us to God" (1 Peter 3:18). All ethnicities were created to love and serve and deem Jesus to be superior and all-glorious. They were created to find joy not in others finding them praiseworthy because of their background, but instead to find joy in making much of Christ. "And they sang a new song, saying, 'Worthy are you to take the scroll and to open its seals, for you were slain, and by your blood you ransomed people for God from every tribe and language and people and nation, and you have made them a kingdom and priests to our God, and they shall reign on the earth'" (Revelation 5:9-10).
So humble yourself, whether you are from the South, North, East, or West. We are not better because we are white, black, Asian, or Mexican. We are all sinners who desperately need Christ. And we need to see every opportunity with other races as an opportunity to display the glorious nature of the One who will call out for himself a people from every tribe and tongue and people and nation to glorify him. Making light of race makes light of God and the reason why the races were made in the first place.
Friday, January 23
The World's Lesser Love and the Glory of God
There is a fine line between respecting who God made you and loving yourself to the point of idolatry. Thankfully, men like Rutherford are there to make the cloudy things clear and show us that to find oneself wrapped up in the majesty of God is find oneself supremely happy and fulfilled. This is certainly quite contrary to what modern theologians would put before the populace, and yet it is marvelously true.
For God, who said, "Let light shine out of darkness,"made his light shine in our hearts to give us the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ. (2 Corinthians 4:6)
This is how one gets saved. This is how one finds their true measure of happiness. This is how one is completely fulfilled, and how one is able to find what they were trusting in before to be all but rubbish in comparison.
Tuesday, January 20
How Barack Obama Will Make Christ a Minister of Condemnation
At Barack Obama’s request, tomorrow in the Lincoln Memorial, Gene Robinson, the first openly non-celibate homosexual bishop in the Episcopal Church, will deliver the invocation for the inauguration kick-off.
This is tragic not mainly because Obama is willing to hold up the legitimacy of homosexual intercourse, but because he is willing to get behind the church endorsement of sexual intercourse between men.
It is one thing to say: Two men may legally have sex. It is another to say: The Christian church acted acceptably in blessing Robinson’s sex with men.
The implications of this are serious.
It means that Barack Obama is willing, not just to tolerate, but to feature a person and a viewpoint that makes the church a minister of damnation. Again, the tragedy here is not that many people in public life hold views (like atheism) that lead to damnation, but that Obama is making the church the minister of damnation.
The apostle Paul says,
Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality, nor thieves , nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God. And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God. (1 Corinthians 6:9-11)
What is Paul saying about things like adultery, greed, stealing, and homosexual practice? As J. I. Packer puts it, “They are ways of sin that, if not repented of and forsaken, will keep people out of God’s kingdom of salvation.” (Christianity Today, January 2003, p. 48).
In other words, to bless people in these sins, instead of offering them forgiveness and deliverance from them, is to minister damnation to them, not salvation.
The gospel, with its forgiveness and deliverance from homosexual practice, offers salvation. Gene Robinson, with his blessing and approval of homosexual practice, offers damnation. And he does it in the name of Christ.
It is as though Obama sought out a church which blessed stealing and adultery, and then chose its most well-known thief and adulterer, and asked him to pray.
One more time: The issue here is not that presidents may need to tolerate things they don’t approve of. The issue is this: In linking the Christian ministry to the approval of homosexual activity, Christ is made a minister of condemnation.
Thursday, January 15
Spurgeon Devotion
"Serve the Lord with gladness" Psalm 100:2
Delight in divine service is a token of acceptance. Those who serve God with a sad countenance, because they do what is unpleasant to them, are not serving Him at all; they bring the form of homage, but the life is absent. Our God requires no slaves to grace His throne; He is the Lord of the empire of love, and would have His servants dressed in the livery of joy. The angels of God serve Him with songs, not with groans; a murmur or a sigh would be a mutiny in their ranks. That obedience which is not voluntary is disobedience, for the Lord looketh at the heart, and if He seeth that we serve Him from force, and not because we love Him, He will reject our offering. Service coupled with cheerfulness is heart-service, and therefore true. Take away joyful willingess from the Christian, and you have removed the test of his sincerity. If a manbe driven to battle, he is no patriot; but he who marches into the fray with flashing eye and beaming face, singing, 'It is sweet for one's country to die', proves himself to be sincere in his patriotism. Cheerfulness is the support of our strength; in the joy of the Lord are we strong. It acts as the remover of difficulties. It is to our service what oil is to the wheels of a railway carriage. Without oil the axle soon grows hot, and accidents occur; and if there be not a holy cheerfulness to our wheels, our spirits will be clogged with weariness. The man who is cheerful in his service of God, proves that obedience is his element; he can sing, 'Make me to walk in Thy commands, 'Tis a delightful road.' Reader, let us put this question--do you serve the Lord with gladness? Let us show to the people of the world, who think our religion to be slavery, that it is to us a delight and a joy! Let our gladness proclaim that we serve a good Master.
(Morning and Evening by C. H. Spurgeon-January 9th)
Thursday, January 8
Love Yourself In Order to Love Others?
"You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets." (Matthew 22:37-40)
Jesus loves to surprise people. It is of course his nature to do so, especially to those people who want to trap him in his own words and indict him based on his response to questions. This was certainly the case with the lawyer who was a Pharisee, for he would see much pleasure in making the One who says he is the Christ trip over his own argumentation. For Jesus, who in many cases criticised the Jewish leaders for stacking more laws than ever on top of the revealed law, it was his turn to be asked, "Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the law?"
His response is staggering and logical and true. The greatest commandment is to love God with every fiber of your being: your heart, your soul, and your mind. This is a horizontal relationship that revives the Spirit, strengthens good works, and glorifies him. Naturally then, it is the most important, and to fail in this one area is to fail in all virtuous areas, for there is no true virtue that has its branch severed from this root.
But then Jesus continues by saying that the second is like it: "You shall love your neighbor as yourself." What did he mean? What was his point in saying this? Many have concluded that Jesus believes that it is only when one loves himself properly and esteems who God made him or her to be that one can love others in a correct manner. As if he is saying, "Loving yourself is important because loving others is important. When you learn to love yourself properly you can love others properly as well."
This is far from his point. Jesus aims to teach us that just as there is a natural inclination in every heart to sustain oneself--to feed oneself, put clothes on oneself, and indeed love oneself, there should be the same inclination to love others. In other words, rather than saying, "Love yourself; and love others too," the emphasis is rather, "Everyone naturally loves there own self--use that same energy and devotion that you naturally have for yourself, for others' good."
Do you see the difference? One turns the command almost on its head to a plea for more self-love and affirmation, almost as though it were a means to accomplishing more love for others, whereas the other keeps the love for God as supreme. One commands both love of self and love for others, the other assumes love of self and commands love for others. Only one interpretation sustains a God-centered approach and nourishes acts of love.
So, love Christ supremely...and demonstrate to the world that your care for them is just as intense as your natural desire to love yourself.
Wednesday, January 7
Love Him More...
Yesterday was my second wedding anniversary. Rachelle and I had the opportunity to go out on a date without Daniel and spend some alone time together at an elegant restaurant in downtown Louisville. We had a fantastic time. We talked and exchanged gifts and just marveled at how God had brought us to the point that we were at: two years into marriage and more in love now than the day that we exchanged vows.
When I come to a special occasion like this (or with any occasion, for that matter), I am extremely unsatisfied to have little emotional response. I want to love Rachelle more and more with each passing day. I genuinely desire to be more satisfied by her and such a realization honors her. It shows that she is the most important woman in my life and to know her and love her more deeply as the years go on greatly lifts her up. It does not make her more valuable than she already is, but expressing and having greater affection for her certainly does magnify who she is to me and to those around her.
This reality is extremely important in my life, but it is only the penultimate reality; Christ is the ultimate reality. I do not think I should have a "steady-as-she-goes" mindset when it comes to loving Jesus. It is not a wise thing in the temporal sense or reflective of eternity to have the same knowledge, the same affection, and the same glory in the presence of Christ day in and day out. It certainly honors Christ no more than it would honor my wife to lack a growth in affection. And how much greater is Christ than any marriage or relationship!
There are dangers in coming to the great and first command of Jesus in Matthew 22, and one of them is to completely glaze over the "all's." Love the Lord, Jesus says, "with all of your heart with all of your soul and with all of your mind. Make him more than just someone you love--make him THE person you love supremely and with the utmost amount of affection. You may ask, "Is it not enough that I just love him?" It's good that you love him for that is what separates sinners from saints, but the short answer is no. Make your soul and mind means to accomplish the end of treasuring him more. And make that horizontal realtionship be the bedrock that holds firm all others so that you can indeed do what he says next, that is, "Love your neighbor as yourself."
That is what honors Christ and what glorifies him. Just as with my wife, God does not have more value by you valuing him more, but his being and worth is magnified like a telescope would magnify gargantuan celestial bodies. How can this be done? Put your eyes to the lense of the Scriptures. Look at the faithfulness of God, the mercy of God, the justice of God, the love of God, and all of those attributes shown in the Person of Christ (Hebrews 1:2). When our knowledge of him thus increases, so does our joy. And when our joy in God increases, he is glorified and fully pleased and we are satisfied.
Delight yourself in the Lord and he will give you the desires of your heart (Psalm 37:4).
And so, from the day we heard, we have not ceased to pray for you, asking that you may be filled with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding, so as to walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to him, bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God. May you be strengthened with all power, according to his glorious might, for all endurance and patience with joy (Colossians 1:9-11).
Friday, January 2
Imagine: Troubles Will Cease!
With the new year arriving, some of us are in turmoil; all of us have our troubles. Some of us have family members overseas in the War on Terror in Iraq, Afghanistan or other places. Some of us are watching from afar the heightened violence that is being played out in Israel and are concerned that it could escalate into much more. Some of us have cancer or might find out sometime this year that they have it. This world's sin, pain, and hardship is great, but God is trustworthy.
What we have before us in Revelation is the final state of the believer. The one who trusts in Christ alone for the forgiveness of his sins (Eph. 2:8-9) is assured that they will be before the throne in God's presence forever, worshiping and serving at his feet, and away from sin and suffering. What a promise! What a hope! What a joy! Now that is something to revel in even if we are as a nation and as individuals going through turmoil or trouble.
There will come a day for Christians when we will have every tear wiped away from our eyes and we will behold him! Now there is a sight to see: the Lamb of God who was despised and rejected of man and who was pierced for our transgressions (Isaiah 53:5) and who died for us and in our place if we will but trust him (2 Cor. 5:21), this same Lamb has given us all things (Rom. 8:32), and best of all himself! This is a leader, a shepherd who will never fail, never misguide us, and never leave us (Matt. 28:18-20)!
Many have gone through their share of sufferings in 2008 and many will go through more in 2009, but there is hope, "I have said these things to you, that in me you may have peace. In the world you will have tribulation. But take heart; I have overcome the world" (John 16:33).